Updated July 15, 2025: Removed a provision that was struck from the initial Senate bill: “Carves out an exception to work requirements for a married person responsible for a child 14 years of age or older and residing with an individual who complies with SNAP work requirements.”
The president has signed the “One Big Beautiful Bill Act” (OBBBA; P.L. 119-21), which includes significant changes to nutrition programs. These changes are projected to generate $195 billion in federal savings over 10 years, primarily through modifications to the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP). Notable changes include:
- Requiring states to pay a portion of SNAP benefit costs
- Increasing the state share for administrative costs
Based on fiscal year (FY) 2024 state error rates, which reflect the accuracy of eligibility and benefit determinations, FFIS estimates an annual cost shift of $15 billion. This Budget Brief summarizes the SNAP changes and provides state estimates of the two provisions that will shift costs to states.